Progressive movement of education
1900-1950s
PROGRESSIVE
By the time of the early 1900s the United States was moving into more of an urbanized way of living. While public schools were spreading across the country, there was a peak flood of immigrants from all over the globe. Public schooling “was the place where the American dream was nurtured and the future itself took shape.” (Benard et al.2001). By the time of the mid 1900s more than 3 million children were enrolled in public elementary, with 80% of teenagers were enroll into high schools. Schools at first were not the best places to be in, they were labeled dangerous, cold, and crowded. John Dewey was the first to campaign for progressive education.
It was John Dewey that believed in learning socially, physically, intelligently, and emotionally to build a child. Americans was proud to display the works of the progressive curriculum around the world. Some would say the progressive movement of education helps you discover diverse skills and enables you to tap into many talents. The progressive movement has some underlying goals when dealing with immigrants and minorities. I.Q tests were created to test measure students' intelligence ability. John Dewey really wanted Americans as a Public school to preserve the American Way. Schools would show students how to use manners in behave to be Americanized. Everything was taught in English in efforts to strip the languages of immigrants. Furthermore, Christian holidays were celebrated in efforts to push the standard of different religion practiced at home. Bringing people into the mainstream of American values and preparing then for labor market was the American way success. Along came the concept of the IQ testing was not to point out the future leaders, it was to point of the immigrants' minorities. Given the test was taken in the preliminary stages of childhood, it determines the rest of your life. Many immigrants first language was not English, yet the IQ test was designed to be English only. This gave a disadvantage to many especially two-thirds of Mexican- Americans that was classified as slow learners or mentally retarded in 1930s. I.Q movement also resulted in writing those off that reach that top 1-percentile. There was an assumption that all the greatest leaders were in that rare one percentile.
During world war one based on results of the field test exam like I. Q testing determined which men would be assigned jobs in Washington, and which men was sent to the trenches. During the world war era service members with lower levels of education were assigned to the most hazardous duties. I.Q movement also resulted in writing those off that reach that top 1-percentile.
Still, nonwhite groups were excluded from the same success and accessing public schooling. Separated, underserved, and of different laws was the only way African American were able to have schoolings.
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